From the
paper (PDF):
Cognitive measures
Cognitive function was assessed at the time of imaging, for a subset of the sample, using the following tests: trail-making (numerical – ‘a’, and alpha-numeric – ‘b’), tower rearranging, digit span, digit substitution, pairs matching, matrix pattern completion, paired association.
Results of the cognitive testing are not reported.
Alcohol and functional connectivity
Alcohol consumption was significantly associated with resting state functional connectivity of seven ‘nodes’ (supplementary Figure 18) thought to represent within network connectivity. Six of the seven nodes, all within the default mode network, demonstrated increased connectivity with higher alcohol intake. In turn, increased connectivity in two of these nodes predicted higher cognitive performance on tests of executive function and working memory (supplementary Figure 19). Alcohol intake was additionally associated with multiple ‘edges’ thought to represent functional connectivity between resting state networks (supplementary Figure 20).
It seems that the damage to brain cells is compensated for with increased connectivity. The fact that reported results are in terms of cell damage--a step removed from functionality--suggests they are avoiding the question with real-world implications:
Does drinking make you stupid?
[DataDan retired from drinking in 1985.]